Who Was Jessie Redmon Fauset? Poet and Novelist of the Harlem Renaissance

When we reflect on the vibrant cultural movement known as the **Harlem Renaissance**, the names of prominent figures such as Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston frequently come to the forefront of our minds. However, there is another influential individual whose contributions are equally deserving of recognition: **Jessie Redmon Fauset**. Fauset was not merely a novelist; she was a multifaceted talent who excelled as a **critic**, **poet**, and **editor**. Her work was instrumental in shaping the landscape of African American literature during the early 20th century. Fauset’s literary prowess and her commitment to promoting the voices of her contemporaries helped to elevate the African American narrative in a time when it was often marginalized. In this exploration, we will delve into her life, examine her significant works, and consider the enduring impact she has had on literature and culture. Through her efforts, Fauset not only enriched the literary world but also paved the way for future generations of writers and thinkers.

Early Life and Education

Born in Snow Hill, New Jersey

Jessie was born on **April 27, 1882**, in the quaint town of **Snow Hill, New Jersey**. This small community, primarily composed of African Americans, played a significant role in shaping her early experiences and worldview. From a young age, Jessie witnessed both the challenges and the victories faced by her community, which instilled in her a deep sense of resilience and determination. The rich cultural heritage and the stories of her ancestors inspired her to strive for excellence and to advocate for the rights and recognition of African Americans throughout her life.

Academic Achievements

Demonstrating an unwavering commitment to her education, Fauset graduated from **Cornell University** in 1905, earning a **Bachelor’s degree** that marked the beginning of her academic journey. However, her thirst for knowledge did not end there. In 1919, she achieved another significant milestone by obtaining a **Master’s degree** from the **University of Pennsylvania**. This remarkable academic pursuit not only showcased her ambition and intellect but also positioned her as a trailblazer for future generations of African American scholars. Jessie’s dedication to her studies and her relentless pursuit of higher education exemplified her belief in the transformative power of knowledge.

Teaching Career

### French Teacher in Washington, D.C.

After completing her education, Fauset embarked on a significant journey as a **French teacher** at an all-Black secondary school located in Washington, D.C. This role was not merely a job for her; it was a transformative experience that profoundly influenced her teaching abilities and enriched her understanding of the complexities of the African American experience. Working closely with her students, she gained invaluable insights into their lives, struggles, and aspirations, which would later inform her writing and advocacy.

### Writing for The Crisis

During her time as an educator, Fauset began to publish thought-provoking articles in **The Crisis**, the esteemed magazine of the **NAACP**. Her writing caught the attention of influential figures, including **W.E.B. Du Bois**, who recognized her talent and potential. This led to a significant career shift as she moved to New York City to take on the role of **literary editor** for the magazine. This transition marked a pivotal moment in her professional life, allowing her to engage with a broader audience and contribute to the discourse surrounding race, culture, and identity in America. Through her work, she not only elevated her own voice but also amplified the voices of those within the African American community.

Literary Contributions

Editing and Discovering Talent

Between the years of **1919 and 1926**, the remarkable editor and writer, **Jessie Redmon Fauset**, played a pivotal role in the literary landscape of her time. She was instrumental in bringing to light the works of several prominent writers, including **Langston Hughes**, **Countee Cullen**, and **Claude McKay**. Fauset possessed a keen eye for identifying exceptional talent, and her efforts significantly contributed to the flourishing of the **Harlem Renaissance** movement. Through her editorial work, she not only nurtured these emerging voices but also helped to shape the cultural narrative of African American literature during a transformative period in history.

The Brownies’ Book

In addition to her work with individual authors, Fauset also took on the role of editor for **The Brownies’ Book**, a groundbreaking periodical specifically designed for Black children. Launched in 1920, this publication was revolutionary in its approach, as it aimed to provide young readers with positive and affirming representations of Black life and culture. By showcasing stories, illustrations, and articles that celebrated the richness of African American heritage, Fauset’s editorial vision helped to instill a sense of pride and identity in its young audience. The magazine not only entertained but also educated, making it a significant contribution to children’s literature and the broader cultural landscape of the time.

Fauset’s Novels

There Is Confusion (1924)

Her first novel, **There Is Confusion**, explores the complexities of identity and race. It’s a compelling read that delves into the lives of middle-class Black characters navigating societal expectations.

Plum Bun (1928)

In **Plum Bun**, Fauset tackles the theme of **racial passing**. The protagonist, a light-skinned Black woman, grapples with her identity and the societal pressures to conform. It’s a poignant exploration of self-acceptance.

Comedy: American Style (1933)

Fauset’s best-known work, **Comedy: American Style**, features Olivia Carey, a Black woman who longs to be white. This novel highlights the internal and external conflicts faced by Black individuals in a racially divided society.

The Chinaberry Tree (1931)

In **The Chinaberry Tree**, Fauset continues to explore themes of identity and family dynamics. The novel is rich with cultural references and provides a deep insight into the lives of its characters.

Personal Life

Marriage and Later Years

In **1929**, Fauset married **Herbert Harris**. After his death in **1958**, she lived with her half-brother in Philadelphia. Despite the challenges she faced, her passion for writing never waned.

Legacy and Impact

Fauset’s contributions to literature and her role in the **Harlem Renaissance** cannot be overstated. She paved the way for future generations of Black writers and remains a significant figure in American literature.

Critical Reception

Mixed Reviews

Some critics have described Fauset’s portrayals as overly idealistic, while others appreciate her subtle exploration of frustration and self-hate among her characters. This duality makes her work all the more intriguing.

Influence on Future Writers

Fauset’s influence can be seen in the works of later writers who grappled with similar themes of identity and race. She opened doors for discussions that continue to resonate today.

Jessie Redmon Fauset was a trailblazer whose work continues to inspire. Her novels and editorial contributions helped shape the **Harlem Renaissance** and provided a voice for African Americans during a time of significant social change. If you haven’t explored her work yet, now is the perfect time to dive in!

Table of Fauset’s Major Works

Title	Year Published	Theme
There Is Confusion	1924	Identity and Race
Plum Bun	1928	Racial Passing
Comedy: American Style	1933	Self-Identity
The Chinaberry Tree	1931	Family Dynamics